Determination of Sun Protection Factor (SPF) and Ultraviolet A Protection Grade (PA) of Lemon Peel Extract (Citrus limon L) Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Method

Abstract

Lemon peel (Citrus limon L.) contains flavonoids, phenols, and tannins, giving it the potential to become a sunscreen. Sunscreens are considered effective if they have SPF (sun protection factor) and PA (protection grade of UV A) values that provide maximum protection. This research was conducted experimentally. The study aims to determine the SPF and PA values of lemon peel extract. Lemon peel extract was produced using the maceration method for 7 days, and test solutions were prepared at concentrations of 200 ppm, 400 ppm, and 600 ppm to determine SPF and PA values using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method with wavelengths from 290 to 320 nm. SPF values were calculated using the Mansur equation with a correction factor of 10. The highest SPF result was observed at a concentration of 600 ppm with an SPF value of 17.52 (ultra protection), and the highest PA value was observed at concentrations of 400 ppm and 600 ppm.Keywords: Lemon Peel (Citrus limon L.), SPF, PA, Sunscreen